Which of the following is a challenge of integrating renewable energy sources into substations?

Managing variable power output is a key challenge in integrating renewable energy sources into substations. Renewable energy sources, such as solar and wind, are inherently variable, meaning that their power generation can fluctuate based on factors like weather conditions and time of day. This variability can lead to difficulties in maintaining a stable and reliable power supply within the electric grid.

Substations must be equipped to handle these fluctuations by implementing advanced grid management technologies and energy storage systems, which can store excess power when generation is high and release it when generation is low. This process requires careful planning and investment in infrastructure to ensure that the integration of renewable sources does not disrupt the overall stability of the electrical system.

Understanding and addressing these challenges is essential for maintaining grid reliability while transitioning to cleaner energy sources.