What type of systems are designed to prevent the closing of a ground switch onto an energized line?

Kirk-Key interlocks are crucial safety devices used in electrical systems, particularly in substations, to ensure that certain operational conditions are met before allowing equipment to be operated. These interlocks function by physically preventing the operation of a ground switch if an unsafe condition is present, such as if a line is energized.

The design of Kirk-Key interlocks incorporates a locking mechanism that requires specific keys to be in particular positions, ensuring that operators cannot inadvertently close a ground switch onto an energized line. This system enhances safety by enforcing a strict sequence of operations, which helps to prevent dangerous accidents.

In contrast, relay systems are generally used for monitoring and controlling electrical circuits but do not offer the same physical prevention mechanism. Throw-over switches are utilized to switch loads between different sources but are not specifically designed for ground switch safety. Capacitor banks are used to manage reactive power in electrical systems and do not have a role in preventing the closure of ground switches onto energized lines. Therefore, Kirk-Key interlocks are the correct choice for this scenario, as they provide a reliable physical barrier to prevent unsafe operations in substations.