What is the primary function of a substation?

The primary function of a substation is to transform voltage levels. Substations play a crucial role in the transmission and distribution of electricity. They receive high-voltage electricity from power plants, where it is generated, and then transform it to lower voltage levels that are suitable for distribution to homes and businesses. This transformation is essential for ensuring that electricity can travel long distances efficiently without significant losses.

By using transformers, substations adjust the voltage to the appropriate level needed for safe general use, thus facilitating the distribution of electrical power. This function is vital because it ensures that the electrical grid operates effectively while also maintaining safety standards.

Substations may also perform other functions, such as controlling and regulating the flow of electricity, but transforming voltage levels is their primary concern, acting as the critical link between electricity generation and consumption.