What is the primary function of protective relays in electrical circuits?

Protective relays are essential components in electrical circuits, primarily designed to detect abnormal conditions such as faults, overloads, or equipment failures. When these irregularities occur, the relays initiate corrective actions to protect the electrical system. This may involve disconnecting faulty equipment or isolating parts of the system to prevent further damage, ensuring both safety and reliability in operation.

The function of protective relays is critical for maintaining the integrity of electrical systems and minimizing the impact of faults on power distribution. By swiftly identifying issues, relays help prevent costly outages and equipment damage, thereby enhancing the overall stability of the electrical infrastructure.