How does a micro-ohm meter determine resistance?

The micro-ohm meter determines resistance by passing a known current through a component and measuring the resultant voltage drop across it. This method is based on Ohm's Law, which states that the resistance (R) of a conductor is equal to the voltage (V) across it divided by the current (I) flowing through it (R = V/I).

By using a known current, the device accurately measures the voltage drop, allowing for precise calculations of resistance in low-resistance applications, such as those found in electrical connections, circuit breakers, and other equipment where minimal resistance is critical for effective operation. This is particularly important in power systems where resistance can lead to significant energy losses and affect performance.

The other options, such as measuring current to calculate voltage or analyzing frequency, do not directly address the measurement of resistance in the same straightforward manner as the known current and voltage drop approach. Checking temperature may provide additional context about the electrical component but does not directly influence the calculation of resistance using a micro-ohm meter.